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1 Bio-Medical Division, U. S. Naval Radiological Defense Laboratory, San
Francisco, California.
Studies have been presented on blood, bone marrow, coagulation and their
relation to mortality in guinea pigs exposed to 200, 400 and 600 r total body
x-irradiation. The initial responses of the blood and bone marrow were remarkably similar
for the 3 doses of x-irradiation (ranging from LD10 to LD100). Marked differences
among the dosages were noted in regeneration which occurred earliest after 200 r,
later after 400 r and not at all after 600 r. Once started, regeneration was equally
active after 200 and 400 r. A coagulation defect, closely related to thrombocytopenia, was observed in
the 6 to 13 day period following all doses of irradiation. An additional clotting
defect, characterized by increases in the prothrombin time and heparin clotting
time, was noted at 4 and 24 hours following all 3 doses of irradiation. The etiology
of this defect requires further evaluation. The pattern of hemorrhage, evaluated in various tissues by a semiquantitative
scoring method, revealed that hemorrhage was most prominent in the 9 to 13
day period after exposure, and was closely related to thrombocytopenia. As the
dose of x-ray increased, hemorrhage tended to become more protracted and
severe and involved more organs. Hemorrhage disappeared rapidly as platelet
formation returned in the recovery period. Hemorrhage was the chief factor in
the severity and incidence of anemia after irradiation.
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| Copyright © 1955 by American Society of Hematology Online ISSN: 1528-0020 | |||||||||
