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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 5, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-05-1324.
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Blood, 15 November 2002, Vol. 100, No. 10, pp. 3731-3740
NEOPLASIA
Primitive interleukin 3 null hematopoietic cells transduced with
BCR-ABL show accelerated loss after culture of factor-independence in
vitro and leukemogenic activity in vivo
Xiaoyan Jiang,
Eddy Ng,
Calvin Yip,
Wolfgang Eisterer,
Yves Chalandon,
Matthew Stuible,
Allen Eaves, and
Connie J. Eaves
From the Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer
Agency, and the Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Laboratory
Medicine, and Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Primitive chronic myeloid leukemia cells display a unique autocrine
interleukin 3 (IL-3)/granulocyte-colony-stimluating factor (G-CSF)
mechanism that may explain their abnormal proliferation and
differentiation control. Here we show that BCR-ABL transduction of
primitive Sca-1+ lin mouse bone marrow (BM)
cells causes immediate activation of IL-3, G-CSF, and granulocyte
macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression in these
cells. Their autocrine IL-3-mediated growth dependence is thus
demonstrable only in clonal cultures where paracrine effects are
reduced. Interestingly, upon continued culture, these cells produce
large populations of rapidly proliferating mast cells in which only the
IL-3 autocrine mechanism is consistently maintained, together with
evidence of hyperphosphorylation of p210BCR-ABL and STAT5
and retention of a multilineage but attenuated in vivo leukemogenic
potential characterized by a prolonged latency. BCR-ABL transduction of
IL-3 / Sca-1+ lin BM cells
initially activates GM-CSF and G-CSF production, factor independence,
and the ability to generate phenotypically indistinguishable populations of mast cells. However, maintenance of factor independence, and p210BCR-ABL and STAT 5 activation beyond 4 to 6 weeks,
requires rescue with an IL-3 transgene. The cultured
BCR-ABL-transduced IL-3 / cells also lack leukemogenic
activity in vivo. These findings provide new evidence that IL-3
production is a rapid, sustained, and biologically relevant consequence
of BCR-ABL expression in primitive hematopoietic cells with
multilineage leukemogenic activity.

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