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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 5, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-01-0076.
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Blood, 15 November 2002, Vol. 100, No. 10, pp. 3782-3789
RED CELLS
Structural, functional, and tissue distribution analysis of human
transferrin receptor-2 by murine monoclonal antibodies and a polyclonal
antiserum
Silvia Deaglio,
Andrea Capobianco,
Angelita Calì,
Francesca Bellora,
Federica Alberti,
Luisella Righi,
Anna Sapino,
Clara Camaschella, and
Fabio Malavasi
From the Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of
Genetics, Biology, and Biochemistry, the Experimental Medicine Research
Center, the Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, and the
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of
Turin Medical School, Italy.
Human transferrin receptor-2 (TFR-2) is a protein highly homologous
to TFR-1/CD71 and is endowed with the ability to bind transferrin (TF)
with low affinity. High levels of TFR-2 mRNA were found in the liver
and in erythroid precursors. Mutations affecting the TFR-2
gene led to hemochromatosis type 3, a form of inherited iron overload.
Several issues on distribution and function of the receptor were
answered by raising a panel of 9 monoclonal antibodies specific for
TFR-2 by immunizing mice with murine fibroblasts transfected with the
human TFR-2 cDNA. A polyclonal antiserum was also produced in mice
immunized with 3 peptides derived from the TFR-2 sequence, exploiting
an innovative technique. The specificity of all the reagents produced
was confirmed by reactivity with TFR-2+ target cells and
simultaneous negativity with TFR-1+ cells. Western blot
analyses showed a dominant chain of approximately 90 kDa in TFR-2
transfectants and HepG2 cell line. Analysis of distribution in normal
tissues and in representative cell lines revealed that TFR-2 displays a
restricted expression pattern it is present at high levels in
hepatocytes and in the epithelial cells of the small intestine,
including the duodenal crypts. Exposure of human TFR-2+
cells to TF-bound iron is followed by a significant up-regulation and
relocalization of membrane TFR-2. The tissue distribution pattern, the
behavior following exposure to iron-loaded TF, and the features of the
disease resulting from TFR-2 inactivation support the hypothesis that
TFR-2 contributes to body iron sensing.
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