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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on April 30, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-01-0211.
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Blood, 15 August 2002, Vol. 100, No. 4, pp. 1208-1214
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS, INTERVENTIONS, AND THERAPEUTIC TRIALS
Mixed chimera status of 12 patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
(WAS) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: evaluation by flow
cytometric analysis of intracellular WAS protein
expression
Koji Yamaguchi,
Tadashi Ariga,
Masafumi Yamada,
David L. Nelson,
Ryouji Kobayashi,
Chie Kobayashi,
Yasushi Noguchi,
Yasuhiko Ito,
Kenji Katamura,
Yoshihisa Nagatoshi,
Satoshi Kondo,
Hiroyuki Katoh, and
Yukio Sakiyama
From the Research Group of Human Gene Therapy, the
Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Surgical Oncology, and the
Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of
Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; the Metabolism Branch, National Cancer
Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; the Department
of Pediatrics, Ibaraki Children's Hospital, Mito, Japan; the
Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University, Graduate School of
Medicine, Chiba, Japan; the Department of Pediatrics, Medical School,
Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan; the Department of Pediatrics,
Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; and the
Section of Pediatrics, National Kyusyu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan.
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is caused by defects in the WAS
protein (WASP) gene on the X chromosome. We previously
reported that flow cytometric analysis of intracellular WASP expression (FCM-WASP) was useful in the diagnosis of WAS in patients and carriers.
In this study, we applied FCM-WASP to evaluate the mixed chimera (MC)
status of 12 WAS patients who underwent hematopoietic stem cell
transplantation (HST). After HST, donor- and recipient-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) could be distinguished easily with this method, since the donor cells were
WASPbright, whereas the defective recipient cells were
WASPdim. Furthermore, with use of 2-color FCM-WASP, the MC
status could be characterized by cell lineage. Six of the 12 patients
with WAS were found to have MC status after HST, whereas others had complete chimera status. MC status was observed in every cell lineage
examined. However, among PBMCs, recipient cells were most commonly
observed in the monocyte population. Finally, to investigate the
naive/memory status of donor and recipient T cells in these patients,
3-color FCM-WASP using anti-CD45RA or CD45RO was performed. We found
that, in contrast to WASPbright T cells, most
WASPdim T cells remained naive
(CD45RA+/RO ) more than a year after HST. No
imbalance in the ratio of naive to memory T cells was observed in WAS
patients before HST. We conclude that FCM-WASP is a potentially useful
method for clinical follow-up of WAS patients who have undergone HST.
Our findings may also have important implications for the role of WASP
during hematopoietic development.

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