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Blood, 15 August 2002, Vol. 100, No. 4, pp. 1417-1424
NEOPLASIA
Genomic abnormalities in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined
significance
Rafael Fonseca,
Richard J. Bailey,
Gregory J. Ahmann,
S. Vincent Rajkumar,
James D. Hoyer,
John A. Lust,
Robert A. Kyle,
Morie A. Gertz,
Philip R. Greipp, and
Gordon W. Dewald
From the Division of Hematology and Department of
Internal Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology,
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Translocations involving immunoglobulin (Ig) loci and chromosome 13 monosomy ( 13) are frequent cytogenetic findings in multiple myeloma
(MM). Similar chromosomal aberrations have been identified in the
monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), but their
prevalence and significance remain uncertain. Bone marrow from 72 patients with MGUS (n = 62) and smoldering MM (n = 10) was
evaluated for translocations between the Ig heavy chain (IgH) and
chromosomes 4, 11, and 16, translocations involving Ig light chain-lambda (IgL- , and 13. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis was done on clonal plasma cells (PCs) detected by
immunofluorescence (cIg-FISH) of the cytoplasmic light chain. We also
studied cells for cyclin D1 and FGFR3 up-regulation by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, respectively. Twenty-seven (46%) of 59 patients had IgH translocations, and 4 (11%) of 37 had an
IgL- translocation. A t(11;14)(q13;q32) was found in 15 (25%) of 59 patients, a t(4;14)(p16.3;q32) in 9% of patients, and a
t(14;16)(q32;q23) in 5% of patients. All patients with
t(4;14)(p16.3;q32) tested (n = 3) had intense cytoplasmic
fluorescence with an anti-FGFR3 antibody. PC nuclear
staining of cyclin D1 was only observed in patients with
t(11;14)(q13;q32); 13 was detected in the clonal PCs in 50% of
patients. The percentage of abnormal PCs varied with any given
abnormality. No obvious clinical or biologic correlations were
associated with these chromosome abnormalities. Similar translocations are found in both MGUS and MM, including t(4;14)(p16.3;q32) and t(14;16)(q32;q23). Moreover, 13 is common in MGUS and unlikely to
play a predominant role in the evolution of MGUS to MM.

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