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This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Tao, W. Articles by Williams, D. A. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Tao, W. Articles by Williams, D. A. Related Collections Signal Transduction Hematopoiesis Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  Blood, 1 September 2002, Vol. 100, No. 5, pp. 1679-1688 HEMATOPOIESIS The TRQQKRP motif located near the C-terminus of Rac2 is essential for Rac2 biologic functions and intracellular localization Wen Tao, Marie-Dominique Filippi, Jeffrey R. Bailey, Simon J. Atkinson, Bret Connors, Andrew Evan, and David A. Williams From Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, and Department of Anatomy, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; and Division of Experimental Hematology, Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH. Rac GTPases regulate a wide variety of cellular processes including actin cytoskeleton organization, gene expression, cell-cycle progression, and apoptosis. Here we report that the TRQQKRP motif of Rac2 located near the C-terminus, a region of sequence disparity among Rac proteins, is essential for complementation of Rac2 function in Rac2-deficient cells. Deletion of this sequence can also intragenically suppress the dominant-negative Rac2D57N mutation in a variety of functional assays. In Rac2-deficient cells, expression of TRQQKRP-deleted Rac2 protein is unable to completely rescue migration and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase deficiencies previously described in these cells. In fibroblasts, the Rac2D57N mutant phenotypes of abnormal proliferation, cell morphology, and membrane ruffling are suppressed by the TRQQKRP motif deletion. In myeloid hematopoietic cells, the deletion of the TRQQKRP motif eliminates a Rac2D57N-induced block in in vitro differentiation of neutrophils not previously described with this mutant. Mechanistically, deletion of the TRQQKRP motif results in diminished geranylgeranylation and delocalization of intracellular Rac2 protein. Taken together, these results indicate that the TRQQKRP motif in Rac2 protein is required for efficient prenylation and correct intracellular localization of Rac2 protein and is essential for Rac2 to mediate a variety of its biologic functions. These data suggest that precise localization of Rac2 protein in intracellular compartments and/or with other proteins/lipids is a prerequisite for its diverse functions. © 2002 by The American Society of Hematology.   CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: L. A. Samayawardhena, R. Kapur, and A. W. B. Craig Involvement of Fyn kinase in Kit and integrin-mediated Rac activation, cytoskeletal reorganization, and chemotaxis of mast cells Blood, May 1, 2007; 109(9): 3679 - 3686. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Y. Tian and M. V. Autieri Cytokine expression and AIF-1-mediated activation of Rac2 in vascular smooth muscle cells: a role for Rac2 in VSMC activation Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, February 1, 2007; 292(2): C841 - C849. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] P. L. Hordijk Regulation of NADPH Oxidases: The Role of Rac Proteins Circ. Res., March 3, 2006; 98(4): 453 - 462. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] C. 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