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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on January 23, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-08-2484.
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Blood, 1 June 2003, Vol. 101, No. 11, pp. 4529-4538
NEOPLASIA
Induction of acute myeloid leukemia in mice by the human leukemia-specific fusion gene NUP98-HOXD13 in concert with Meis1
Nicolas Pineault,
Christian Buske,
Michaela Feuring-Buske,
Carolina Abramovich,
Patty Rosten,
Donna E. Hogge,
Peter D. Aplan, and
R. Keith Humphries
From the Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; the National Cancer Institute, Division of Clinical Sciences, Gaithersburg, MD; and the Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
HOX genes, notably members of the HOXA cluster, and HOX cofactors have increasingly been linked to human leukemia. Intriguingly, HOXD13, a member of the HOXD cluster not normally expressed in hematopoietic cells, was recently identified as a partner of NUP98 in a t(2;11) translocation associated with t-AML/MDS. We have now tested directly the leukemogenic potential of the NUP98-HOXD13 t(2; 11) fusion gene in the murine hematopoietic model. NUP98-HOXD13 strongly promoted growth and impaired differentiation of early hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro; this effect was dependent on the NUP98 portion and an intact HOXD13 homeodomain. Expression of the NUP98-HOXD13 fusion gene in vivo resulted in a partial impairment of lymphopoiesis but did not induce evident hematologic disease until late after transplantation (more than 5 months), when some mice developed a myeloproliferative-like disease. In contrast, mice transplanted with bone marrow (BM) cells cotransduced with NUP98-HOXD13 and the HOX cofactor Meis1 rapidly developed lethal and transplantable acute myeloid leukemia (AML), with a median disease onset of 75 days. In summary, this study demonstrates that NUP98-HOXD13 can be directly implicated in the molecular process leading to leukemic transformation, and it supports a model in which the transforming properties of NUP98-HOXD13 are mediated through HOX-dependent pathways.

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