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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 19, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-06-1699.
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Blood, 15 January 2003, Vol. 101, No. 2, pp. 508-516
HEMATOPOIESIS
Expression of CD41 marks the initiation of definitive
hematopoiesis in the mouse embryo
Hanna K. A. Mikkola,
Yuko Fujiwara,
Thorsten M. Schlaeger,
David Traver, and
Stuart H. Orkin
From the Department of Hematology/Oncology, Children's
Hospital; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer
Institute; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA.
Murine hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) originate from
mesoderm in a process that requires the transcription factor SCL/Tal1. To define steps in the commitment to blood cell fate, we compared wild-type and SCL / embryonic stem cell differentiation
in vitro and identified CD41 (GpIIb) as the earliest surface marker
missing from SCL / embryoid bodies (EBs). Culture of
fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) purified cells from
EBs showed that definitive hematopoietic progenitors were highly
enriched in the CD41+ fraction, whereas endothelial cells
developed from CD41 cells. In the mouse embryo,
expression of CD41 was detected in yolk sac blood islands and in
fetal liver. In yolk sac and EBs, the panhematopoietic marker CD45
appeared in a subpopulation of CD41+ cells. However,
multilineage hematopoietic colonies developed not only from
CD45+CD41+ cells but also from
CD45 CD41+ cells, suggesting that CD41 rather
than CD45 marks the definitive culture colony-forming unit (CFU-C) at
the embryonic stage. In contrast, fetal liver CFU-C was
CD45+, and only a subfraction expressed CD41, demonstrating
down-regulation of CD41 by the fetal liver stage. In yolk sac and EBs,
CD41 was coexpressed with embryonic HSC markers c-kit and CD34. Sorting for CD41 and c-kit expression resulted in enrichment of definitive hematopoietic progenitors. Furthermore, the CD41+
c-kit+ population was missing from
runx1/AML1 / EBs that lack definitive hematopoiesis.
These results suggest that the expression of CD41, a candidate target
gene of SCL/Tal1, and c-kit define the divergence of definitive
hematopoiesis from endothelial cells during development. Although CD41
is commonly referred to as megakaryocyte-platelet integrin in adult
hematopoiesis, these results implicate a wider role for CD41 during
murine ontogeny.

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