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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 27, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-10-3103.
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Blood, 1 May 2003, Vol. 101, No. 9, pp. 3391-3397
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS, INTERVENTIONS, AND THERAPEUTIC TRIALS
Imatinib therapy for hypereosinophilic syndrome and other
eosinophilic disorders
Animesh Pardanani,
Terra Reeder,
Luis F. Porrata,
Chin-Yang Li,
Henry D. Tazelaar,
E. Joanna Baxter,
Thomas E. Witzig,
Nicholas C. P. Cross, and
Ayalew Tefferi
From the Divisions of Hematology and Internal Medicine,
Hematopathology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN; and Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury
District Hospital, Salisbury, United Kingdom.
Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec), a small molecule inhibitor of abl,
kit, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) tyrosine kinases, has been reported to be effective in the treatment of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) and a rare eosinophilia-associated chronic myeloid disorder (eos-CMD) characterized by the
t(5;12)(q33;p13) cytogenetic abnormality. In the current study, we
sought to confirm the preliminary observations in HES as well as
evaluate the therapeutic value of imatinib in eos-CMD that is not
associated with t(5;12)(q33;p13). Five patients with HES (all men,
median age = 46 years) and 2 with eos-CMD (both men, aged 45 and 58 years) were treated with imatinib at a starting dose of
100 to 400 mg/day. Cytogenetic studies showed no evidence of either the
bcr-abl translocation or t(5;12)(q33;p13) in any patient. Screening of
exons encoding the intracellular catalytic domains and extracellular
ligand binding domains of PDGFR (exons 2-23) and c-kit (exons 1-21)
in 6 patients demonstrated mostly previously known polymorphisms. At a
median follow-up of 17 weeks (range, 10-33 weeks), 2 patients with HES and 1 with eos-CMD have achieved complete clinical remission and 1 additional patient with HES has achieved a partial remission. In
contrast to previous observations, all 4 responding patients had
elevated serum interleukin-5 levels. Although the drug was well
tolerated in most patients, a previously unrecognized treatment toxicity of acute left ventricular dysfunction occurred in a responding patient with HES within the first week of treatment. Myocardial biopsy
revealed eosinophilic infiltration and degranulation, and the
cardiogenic shock was reversed with the prompt institution of
corticosteroid therapy.

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