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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on January 2, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-08-2465.

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2002-08-2465v1
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Blood, 1 May 2003, Vol. 101, No. 9, pp. 3714-3721

TRANSPLANTATION

Acceleration of idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS) in the absence of donor MIP-1alpha (CCL3) after allogeneic BMT in mice

Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari, John R. Hermanson, Elizabeth Taras, O. Douglas Wangensteen, Jonathan S. Serody, and Bruce R. Blazar

From the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Department of Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; and the Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in humans. We developed a murine IPS model in which lethal pre-BMT conditioning and allogeneic T cells results in the recruitment of host monocytes and then donor T cells into the lung by day 7 after BMT, concomitant with development of severe lung dysfunction. We reported the T cell-dependent production of the T cell-attracting chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha ) in the lungs of such recipient mice. We reasoned that MIP-1alpha might be a critical mediator of IPS. Lethally conditioned mice received transplants of major histocompatibility complex-disparate marrow and either wild-type (MIP-1alpha +/+) or knockout (MIP-1alpha -/-) spleen cells. Recipients of MIP-1alpha -/- cells exhibited accelerated mortality and a decrease in specific compliance that appeared earlier than in recipients of MIP-1alpha +/+ cells. Donor CD4+ and CD8+ T cell expansion was increased in the spleens of recipients of MIP-1alpha -/- cells. Lungs of recipients of MIP-1alpha -/- cells had earlier recruitment of both T-cell subsets by day 3 after BMT, concomitant with the influx of cells expressing the cytolysins granzymes A and B. Monocyte recruitment was not altered. Levels of inflammatory cytokines were not increased and levels of T cell-attracting chemokines were decreased. The level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 13 (IL-13) was lower in the serum and lungs of recipients of MIP-1alpha -/- cells, indicating a skewing toward a more inflammatory T helper cell type 1 (Th1) cytokine milieu. Donor-derived MIP-1alpha may play a role in allogeneic-induced IPS by limiting aggressive expansion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.

© 2003 by The American Society of Hematology.
 

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