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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on April 3, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-11-3502.
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Blood, 1 August 2003, Vol. 102, No. 3, pp. 1012-1018
NEOPLASIA
Variable frequencies of t(11;18)(q21;q21) in MALT lymphomas of different sites: significant association with CagA strains of H pylori in gastric MALT lymphoma
Hongtao Ye,
Hongxiang Liu,
Ayoma Attygalle,
Andrew C. Wotherspoon,
Andrew G. Nicholson,
Frédéric Charlotte,
Veronique Leblond,
Paul Speight,
John Goodlad,
Anne Lavergne-Slove,
Jose Ignacio Martin-Subero,
Reiner Siebert,
Ahmet Dogan,
Peter G. Isaacson, and
Ming-Qing Du
From the Department of Histopathology, University College London; the Department of Histopathology, The Royal Marsden NHS Trust; the Department of Histopathology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Service d'Anatomie and Cytologie Pathologiques, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie Salpetriere; Department of Hematology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie Salpetriere, Paris, France; Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hopital Lariboisiere, Paris, France; Department of Pathology, Raigmore Hospital, Inverness, United Kingdom; and the Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
t(11;18)(q21;q21) is a specific chromosomal translocation associated with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. It fuses the amino terminal of the API2 gene to the carboxyl terminal of the MALT1 gene and generates a chimeric fusion product. Although the translocation is frequently detected in gastric and pulmonary MALT lymphoma, its incidence in MALT lymphomas from other sites is largely unknown. It also remains unknown whether the occurrence of the translocation is influenced by the nature of preceding diseases associated with MALT lymphomas. We screened for t(11; 18)(q21;q21) in 417 cases of MALT lymphoma from 8 major sites by reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction. t(11;18)(q21;q21) was found at highest frequencies in MALT lymphomas from the lung (38%) and stomach (24%), and at moderate frequencies in those from the conjunctiva (19%) and orbit (14%). However, the translocation was found only rarely in MALT lymphomas from the salivary gland (1%) and was absent in those from the thyroid, skin, liver, and other rare sites, and in immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID). In gastric MALT lymphoma, t(11;18)(q21;q21) was significantly associated with infection by CagA-positive strains of Helicobacter pylori. As CagA-positive strains of H pylori are much more potent in induction of host inflammatory responses, including activation of neutrophils, which release highly genotoxic oxygen reactive species, we therefore examined neutrophil infiltration in recognized precursors of MALT lymphoma including H pyloriassociated gastritis, lymphoepithelial sialadenitis, and Hashimoto thyroiditis. Neutrophil infiltration was prominent in H pyloriassociated gastritis but not in lymphoepithelial sialadenitis and Hashimoto thyroiditis. Our results demonstrate that t(11;18)(q21; q21) occurs at markedly variable frequencies in MALT lymphoma of different sites and suggest that the occurrence of the translocation is influenced by the nature of premalignant diseases associated with MALT lymphoma. Oxidative damage might play a role in development of t(11;18)(q21; q21).

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