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Blood, 1 November 2003, Vol. 102, No. 9, pp. 3163-3171.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 17, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-02-0479.


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HEMATOPOIESIS

The amino terminal and E2F interaction domains are critical for C/EBP{alpha}-mediated induction of granulopoietic development of hematopoietic cells

Francesco D'Alo', Lisa M. Johansen, Erik A. Nelson, Hanna S. Radomska, Erica K. Evans, Pu Zhang, Claus Nerlov, and Daniel G. Tenen

From the Hematology/Oncology Division, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Monterotondo, Italy.

The transcription factor C/EBP{alpha} (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein {alpha}) is critical for granulopoiesis. Gene disruption in mice blocks early granulocyte differentiation and disruption of C/EBP{alpha} function has been implicated in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but no systematic structure-function analysis has been undertaken to identify the mechanisms involved in C/EBP{alpha}-mediated granulocyte differentiation. Here we demonstrate that loss of either of 2 key regions results in disruption of C/EBP{alpha} granulocytic development: the amino terminus and specific residues residing on the non-DNA binding face of the basic region. Mutation of either results in loss of C/EBP{alpha} inhibition of E2F and down-regulation of c-Myc, but only mutation of the basic region results in loss of physical interaction with E2F. In contrast, while the amino terminal mutant retains the ability to interact with E2F, this mutant fails to bind a C/EBP{alpha} site efficiently, fails to activate C/EBP{alpha} target genes, and is also defective in inhibition of E2F activity. These results further emphasize the importance of inhibition of proliferative pathways in granulopoiesis and demonstrate that several regions of the C/EBP{alpha} protein are involved in this mechanism.


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