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Blood, 1 June 2004, Vol. 103, No. 11, pp. 4207-4215.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on February 12, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-12-4350.
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IMMUNOBIOLOGY
Infection of mature monocyte-derived dendritic cells with human cytomegalovirus inhibits stimulation of T-cell proliferation via the release of soluble CD83
Brigitte Sénéchal,
Adam M. Boruchov,
John L. Reagan,
Derek N. J. Hart, and
James W. Young
From the Laboratory of Cellular Immunobiology, Allogeneic Transplantation and Clinical Immunology Services, Division of Hematologic Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; and Mater Medical Research Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
We have studied the mechanisms by which human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) contribute to immune suppression. Unlike infection of immature moDCs, infection of mature moDCs is not lytic and results in minimally decreased surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and costimulatory molecule expression. The presence of a small percentage of CMV-infected mature moDCs, or the transfer of supernatant from infected moDCs depleted of infectious virions, is nevertheless sufficient to cause marked inhibition of immunostimulation by normal uninfected moDCs. Neither viral nor human interleukin 10 (IL-10) nor transforming growth factor- -1 (TGF--1) could account for this inhibition. In contrast, we show that infected mature moDCs lose surface CD83 while maintaining intracellular protein expression. Soluble CD83 accumulates in the supernatants of CMV-infected mature moDCs, and CD83 immunodepletion removes the inhibitory effect of these supernatants on normal DC immunostimulation. We have thus discovered a new mechanism by which HCMV infection may establish a nonlytic reservoir in mature moDCs that inhibits DC-mediated T-cell responses. (Blood. 2004;103:4207-4215)
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