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Blood, 1 February 2004, Vol. 103, No. 3, pp. 966-972. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 4, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-04-1203. This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 2003-04-1203v1 103/3/966    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Harari, A. Articles by Pantaleo, G. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Harari, A. Articles by Pantaleo, G. Related Collections Immunobiology Clinical Trials and Observations Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  IMMUNOBIOLOGY Skewed representation of functionally distinct populations of virus-specific CD4 T cells in HIV-1–infected subjects with progressive disease: changes after antiretroviral therapy Alexandre Harari, Stéphanie Petitpierre, Florence Vallelian, and Giuseppe Pantaleo From the Laboratory of AIDS Immunopathogenesis, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Switzerland. HIV-1- and cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific CD4 T-cell-mediated antiviral immunity was evaluated by assessing the frequency of interleukin 2 (IL-2)- and interferon (IFN-)-secreting cells following antigen-specific stimulation in blood and lymph node. HIV-1-infected subjects with progressive disease at early stage of infection with no previous history of antiretroviral therapy (ART), subjects with nonprogressive disease, and HIV-negative subjects were studied. On the basis of the ability to secrete IL-2 and IFN-, 3 functionally distinct populations of CD4 T cells were identified: (1) IL-2-secreting cells; (2) IL-2/IFN--secreting cells; and (3) IFN--secreting cells. CMV-specific CD4 T cells were almost equally distributed within the 3 functionally distinct cell populations in the 3 study groups as well as HIV-1-specific CD4 T cells in subjects with nonprogressive disease. However, a skewing toward IFN--secreting cells (70% of HIV-1-specific CD4 T cells) was observed in subjects with progressive disease, and IL-2- and IL-2/IFN--secreting cells were almost absent. The frequencies of IL-2- and of IL-2/IFN--secreting HIV-1-specific CD4 T cells were negatively correlated with the levels of viremia. Interestingly, prolonged ART was able to correct the skewed representation of different populations of HIV-1-specific CD4 T cells but was associated with only a partial recovery of IL-2-secreting cells. These results indicate that the composition of the pool of functionally distinct virus-specific CD4 T cells is important for virus control. (Blood. 2004;103:966-972) CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: S. A. Migueles, K. A. Weeks, E. Nou, A. M. Berkley, J. E. Rood, C. M. Osborne, C. W. Hallahan, N. A. Cogliano-Shutta, J. A. Metcalf, M. McLaughlin, et al. Defective Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific CD8+ T-Cell Polyfunctionality, Proliferation, and Cytotoxicity Are Not Restored by Antiretroviral Therapy J. Virol., November 15, 2009; 83(22): 11876 - 11889. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] T. K. Kim, L. S. St. John, E. D. Wieder, J. Khalili, Q. Ma, and K. V. 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