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Blood, 15 February 2004, Vol. 103, No. 4, pp. 1464-1471.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on October 16, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-04-1038.
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NEOPLASIA
Nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma recruits, activates, and uses pp60c-src to mediate its mitogenicity
Daniel Cussac,
Catherine Greenland,
Serge Roche,
Ren-Yuan Bai,
Justus Duyster,
Stephan W. Morris,
Georges Delsol,
Michèle Allouche, and
Bernard Payrastre
From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U563, CPTP, Département d'Oncogenèse et Signalisation dans les Cellules Hématopoïétiques, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR 1086, Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire, Montpellier, France; the Department of Internal Medicine III, Laboratory of Leukemogenesis, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; and the Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN.
Anaplastic large-cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are lymphomas of T or null phenotype often associated with a chromosomal translocation, t(2;5)(p23;q35). This translocation leads to the expression of a hybrid protein consisting of the N-terminal portion of nucleophosmin (NPM) and the intracellular domain of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). NPM-ALK possesses a constitutive tyrosine kinase activity responsible for its oncogenic property through activation of downstream effectors such as phospholipase C (PLC- ) and the type IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Here, we show that the Src-kinases, particularly pp60c-src, associate with and are activated by NPM-ALK expression in various cells, and in cell lines established from patients with ALCL. The kinase activity and the tyrosine 418 of NPM-ALK are required for its association with Src-kinases. Y418F mutation of NPM-ALK impaired its association with Src-kinases and strongly reduced the proliferation rate of Ba/F3 cells. In agreement, Src-kinase inhibitors or pp60c-src siRNA significantly decreased the proliferation rate of NPM-ALKpositive ALCL cell lines. Moreover, using active or inactive forms of pp60c-src and NPM-ALK, we provide evidence that NPM-ALK is a potential substrate of pp60c-src. Overall, our data place Src-kinases as new important downstream effectors of NPM-ALK and as attractive potential therapeutic targets for new ALCL treatment.

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