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Blood, 1 March 2004, Vol. 103, No. 5, pp. 1961-1964. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on October 30, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-05-1625. This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 2003-05-1625v1 103/5/1961    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Verdijk, R. M. Articles by Goulmy, E. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Verdijk, R. M. Articles by Goulmy, E. Related Collections Immunobiology Transplantation Immunotherapy Brief Reports Related Article in Blood Online Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  TRANSPLANTATION Brief report Pregnancy induces minor histocompatibility antigen–specific cytotoxic T cells: implications for stem cell transplantation and immunotherapy Rob M. Verdijk, Antoinette Kloosterman, Jos Pool, Maarten van de Keur, Albert M. I. H. Naipal, Astrid G. S. van Halteren, Anneke Brand, Tuna Mutis, and Els Goulmy From the Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion and Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. Recipients of HLA-identical stem cell transplants have a poorer transplant outcome if the donor is female rather than male. We analyzed whether pregnancy primes for minor histocompatibility (H) antigens. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy multiparous female blood donors were depleted for CD4+, CD14+, CD16+, and CD19+ cells, stained with minor H antigen–specific HLA-A2 tetramers, sorted by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and tested for cytotoxic activity. Minor H antigens HY-, HA-1–, and HA-2–specific cytotoxic T cells (CD8+, CD45RA–) were present in PBMCs from 4 of 7 female donors up to 22 years after the last delivery. Interestingly, in 2 of the 4 cases microchimerism of the putative immunizing minor H antigen was observed. Thus, pregnancy can lead to alloimmune responses against the infant's paternal minor H antigens. The minor H antigen immunization status of female donors raises important questions for the clinical practice of stem cell transplantation. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? 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