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 Blood, 1 July 2004, Vol. 104, No. 1, pp. 115-122.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on March 4, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-07-2456.

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HEMOSTASIS, THROMBOSIS, AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY

Preventing restimulation of memory B cells in hemophilia A: a potential new strategy for the treatment of antibody-dependent immune disorders

Christina Hausl, Rafi U. Ahmad, Hans Peter Schwarz, Eva M. Muchitsch, Peter L. Turecek, Friedrich Dorner, and Birgit M. Reipert

From BioMolecular Therapeutics (BMT) Research, Vienna, Austria; Technical University, Vienna, Austria; and Baxter BioScience, Vienna, Austria

Memory B cells are responsible for the rapidly emerging antibody response after antigen reexposure. The signals required for the restimulation of memory B cells have not been fully explained. We used a murine model of anti–factor VIII (FVIII) antibody responses in hemophilia A to study the requirements for the restimulation of FVIII-specific memory B cells and their differentiation into anti-FVIII antibody-producing cells. We were particularly interested in the significance of activated T cells and costimulatory interactions. Our results indicate that the restimulation of FVIII-specific memory B cells is strictly dependent on interactions with activated T cells. These activated T cells can be specific for either FVIII or third-party antigens. Restimulation by T cells specific for third-party antigens requires the presence of FVIII, indicating that signals induced by B-cell receptor (BCR) triggering and by interactions with activated T cells are important. The blockade of B7-1 or B7-2 as well as the blockade of CD40L inhibits the restimulation and differentiation of FVIII-specific memory B cells in vitro and in vivo. The interference with inducible costimulator–inducible costimulator ligand (ICOS-ICOSL) interactions, however, does not cause any modulation. As expected, the production of anti-FVIII antibodies by plasma cells is not dependent on any of the costimulatory interactions tested.


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