Blood, 15 December 2004, Vol. 104, No. 13, pp. 4054-4062.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on August 17, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-01-0386.
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IMMUNOBIOLOGY
Identification of talin head domain as an immunodominant epitope of the antiplatelet antibody response in patients with HIV-1-associated thrombocytopenia
Klaus Koefoed, and
Henrik J. Ditzel
From the Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA; Medical Biotechnology Center, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; and Department of Internal Medicine C, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
HIV-1-associated thrombocytopenia (HIV-1-ITP) is a common complication of HIV-1 infection, frequently caused by increased peripheral platelet destruction mediated by antiplatelet antibodies (Abs) and/or platelet-bound immune complexes. Little is known about the specificity of the antiplatelet Abs at a molecular level. Here, we used immunoglobulin G (IgG) phage-display libraries generated from 3 HIV-1-ITP patients to isolate a large panel of human monoclonal antiplatelet Abs by selection on unfixed platelets. The platelet antigen recognized by all the cloned Abs was identified to be the talin head domain (talin-H), a cleavage product of talin that can be generated by platelet activation or HIV-1 protease. Talin-H was found in HIV-1-ITP-circulating immune complexes, and antitalin Abs were detected in HIV-1-ITP sera but not in controls. The cloned anti-talin-H IgGs were highly somatically mutated, indicative of an antigen-driven, affinity-matured response. These findings suggest that talin-H Ab may be a marker of HIV-1-ITP elicited due to exposure of immunodominant epitopes on talin-H as a result of a disease-related process. Abs to talin-H and related immune complexes (ICs) may contribute to HIV-1-ITP. (Blood. 2004;104:4054-4062)
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