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 Blood, 15 December 2004, Vol. 104, No. 13, pp. 4122-4128.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on August 31, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-06-2091.

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IMMUNOBIOLOGY

Phospholipase D1 regulates high-affinity IgE receptor-induced mast cell degranulation

Tomohiro Hitomi, Juan Zhang, Liliana M. Nicoletti, Ana Cristina G. Grodzki, Maria C. Jamur, Constance Oliver, and Reuben P. Siraganian

From the Receptors and Signal Transduction Section, Oral Infection and Immunity Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and the Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.

To investigate the role of phospholipase D (PLD) in Fc{epsilon}RI signaling, the wild-type or the catalytically inactive forms of PLD1 or PLD2 were stably overexpressed in RBL-2H3 mast cells. Fc{epsilon}RI stimulation resulted in the activation of both PLD1 and PLD2. However, PLD1 was the source of most of the receptor-induced PLD activity. There was enhanced Fc{epsilon}RI-induced degranulation only in cells that overexpressed the catalytically inactive PLD1. This dominant-negative PLD1 enhanced Fc{epsilon}RI-induced tyrosine phosphorylations of early signaling molecules such as the receptor subunits, Syk and phospholipase C-{gamma} which resulted in faster release of Ca2+ from intracellular sources. Therefore, PLD1 negatively regulates signals upstream of the Ca2+ response. However, Fc{epsilon}RI-induced PLD activation required Syk and was downstream of the Ca2+response, suggesting that basal PLD1 activity rather than that activated by cell stimulation controlled these early signaling events. Dominant-negative PLD1 reduced the basal phosphatidic acid formation in unstimulated cells, which was accompanied by an increase in Fc{epsilon}RI within the lipid rafts. These results indicate that constitutive basal PLD1 activity by regulating phosphatidic acid formation controls the early signals initiated by Fc{epsilon}RI aggregation that lead to mast cell degranulation. (Blood. 2004;104:4122-4128)


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