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Blood, 15 December 2004, Vol. 104, No. 13, pp. 4260-4268.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on August 26, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-02-0446.
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PHAGOCYTES
MRP8 and MRP14 control microtubule reorganization during transendothelial migration of phagocytes
Thomas Vogl,
Stephan Ludwig,
Matthias Goebeler,
Anke Strey,
Irmgard S. Thorey,
Rudolf Reichelt,
Dirk Foell,
Volker Gerke,
Marie P. Manitz,
Wolfgang Nacken,
Sabine Werner,
Clemens Sorg, and
Johannes Roth
From the Institute of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, and Institute of Molecular Virology, University of Münster, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University of Würzburg, Germany; Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Münster, Germany; Institute of Cell Biology, ETH Zürich, Switzerland; and Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Germany.
MRP14 (S100A9) is the major calcium-binding protein of neutrophils and monocytes. Targeted gene disruption reveals an essential role of this S100 protein for transendothelial migration of phagocytes. The underlying molecular mechanism comprises major alterations of cytoskeletal metabolism. MRP14, in complex with its binding partner MRP8 (S100A8), promotes polymerization of microtubules. MRP14 is specifically phosphorylated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). This phosphorylation inhibits MRP8/MRP14-induced tubulin polymerization. Phosphorylation of MRP14 is antagonistically regulated by binding of MRP8 and calcium. The biologic relevance of these findings is confirmed by the fact that MAPK p38 fails to stimulate migration of MRP14-/- granulocytes in vitro and MRP14-/- mice show a diminished recruitment of granulocytes into the granulation tissue during wound healing in vivo. MRP14-/- granulocytes contain significantly less polymerized tubulin, which subsequently results in minor activation of Rac1 and Cdc42 after stimulation of p38 MAPK. Thus, the complex of MRP8/MRP14 is the first characterized molecular target integrating MAPK- and calcium-dependent signals during migration of phagocytes.

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