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Blood, 1 September 2004, Vol. 104, No. 5, pp. 1482-1489. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 18, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-01-0342.
NEOPLASIA Experimental rhesus lymphocryptovirus infection in immunosuppressed macaques: an animal model for Epstein-Barr virus pathogenesis in the immunosuppressed hostFrom the Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and the Departments of Primate Resources, Immunology, and Pathology, New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA.
To develop a model for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) pathogenesis in immunosuppressed hosts, we studied experimental infections of immunocompetent versus SHIV 89.6Pinfected, immunosuppressed rhesus macaques with the EBV-related rhesus lymphocryptovirus (LCV). Primary LCV infection after oral inoculation of 4 immunocompetent animals was characterized by an acute viremia and seroconversion followed by asymptomatic LCV persistence. Four immunosuppressed macaques infected orally with LCV failed to develop an LCV-specific humoral response and viremia was more pronounced, but there was no evidence of LCV-induced lymphoproliferative disease. A more aggressive primary challenge was administered by intravenous inoculation of 108 autologous, LCV-immortalized B cells in 4 additional immunosuppressed animals. Two animals with modest immunosuppression remained asymptomatic, and 1 of 2 severely immunosuppressed animals developed an aggressive, monoclonal LCV-positive lymphoma. These studies demonstrate the potential for lymphomagenesis in an experimental model system for EBV infection and underscore the strength and depth of immune control in limiting LCV-induced lymphoproliferative disease.
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