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Blood, 1 June 2005, Vol. 105, No. 11, pp. 4523-4526.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on February 10, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-07-2762.


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NEOPLASIA
Brief report

AML1-FOG2 fusion protein in myelodysplasia

Edward M. Chan, Elisha M. Comer, Frank C. Brown, Kathleen E. Richkind, Melissa L. Holmes, Beng H. Chong, Roger Shiffman, Dong-Er Zhang, Marilyn L. Slovak, Cheryl L. Willman, Constance T. Noguchi, Yanjun Li, Devan J. Heiber, Lori Kwan, Rebecca J. Chan, Gail H. Vance, Heather C. Ramsey, and Robert A. Hromas

From the Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, and the Indiana University Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; Genzyme Genetics, Santa Fe, NM; Department of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Monterey Bay Oncology Center, Monterey, CA; Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Departments of Medicine and Pathology, and the Cancer Research & Treatment Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM.

Core binding factor (CBF) participates in specification of the hematopoietic stem cell and functions as a critical regulator of hematopoiesis. Translocation or point mutation of acute myeloid leukemia 1 (AML1)/RUNX1, which encodes the DNA-binding subunit of CBF, plays a central role in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplasia. We characterized the t(X;21)(p22.3;q22.1) in a patient with myelodysplasia that fuses AML1 in-frame to the novel partner gene FOG2/ZFPM2. The reciprocal gene fusions AML1-FOG2 and FOG2-AML1 are both expressed. AML1-FOG2, which fuses the DNA-binding domain of AML1 to most of FOG2, represses the transcriptional activity of both CBF and GATA1. AML1-FOG2 retains a motif that recruits the corepressor C-terminal binding protein (CtBP) and these proteins associate in a protein complex. These results suggest a central role for CtBP in AML1-FOG2 transcriptional repression and implicate coordinated disruption of the AML1 and GATAdevelopmental programs in the pathogenesis of myelodysplasia.


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