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Blood, 1 February 2005, Vol. 105, No. 3, pp. 1094-1101.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 30, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-06-2315.
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HEMOSTASIS, THROMBOSIS, AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
Regulator of G-protein signaling-5 induction in pericytes coincides with active vessel remodeling during neovascularization
Mario Berger,
Gabriele Bergers,
Bernd Arnold,
Günter J. Hämmerling, and
Ruth Ganss
From the Department of Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; and Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Research Center (BTRC), University of California Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA.
We identified regulator of G-protein signaling-5 (RGS-5) as an angiogenic pericyte marker at sites of physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis. In a mouse model of pancreatic islet cell carcinogenesis, RGS-5 is specifically induced in the vasculature of premalignant lesions during the "angiogenic switch" and further elevated in tumor vessels. Similarly, RGS-5 is overexpressed in highly angiogenic astrocytomas but not in hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1 )deficient tumors, which grow along preexisting brain capillaries without inducing neovessels. Elevated levels of RGS-5 in pericytes are also observed during wound healing and ovulation indicating a strong correlation between RGS-5 expression and active vessel remodeling beyond tumor angiogenesis. Moreover, antitumor therapy, which reverses tumor vasculature to an almost normal morphology, results in down-regulation of RGS-5 transcription. Taken together, these data demonstrate for the first time a factor that is specific for "activated" pericytes. This further supports the notion that pericytes, like endothelial cells, undergo molecular changes during neovascularization that makes them a novel target for antiangiogenic therapy.

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