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Blood, 1 March 2005, Vol. 105, No. 5, pp. 2066-2073.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on November 9, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-09-3548.
Previous Article | Table of Contents | Next Article 
IMMUNOBIOLOGY
Analysis of the receptor-ligand interactions in the natural killermediated lysis of freshly isolated myeloid or lymphoblastic leukemias: evidence for the involvement of the Poliovirus receptor (CD155) and Nectin-2 (CD112)
Daniela Pende,
Grazia Maria Spaggiari,
Stefania Marcenaro,
Stefania Martini,
Paola Rivera,
Andrea Capobianco,
Michela Falco,
Edoardo Lanino,
Ivana Pierri,
Renato Zambello,
Andrea Bacigalupo,
Maria Cristina Mingari,
Alessandro Moretta, and
Lorenzo Moretta
From the Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro; DIMES, Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, UO Ematologia, and DOBIG, Università di Genova; Laboratorio di Immunologia and Dipartimento di Ematologia e Oncologia Pediatrica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini; Divisione di Ematologia II, Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Italy; and Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Ematologia e Immunologia Clinica, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy.
On the basis of recent clinical and experimental data, natural killer (NK) cells appear to play a crucial role in eradication of acute myeloid leukemias. In the present study, by exploiting our current knowledge on NK receptors and their ligands on target cells, we investigated the interactions between NK and leukemic cells. We show that the size of the NK cell subset expressing the killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) not engaged by the HLA-class I alleles of the patient parallels the degree of NK cytotoxicity against leukemic cells. A sharp down-regulation of HLA-class I molecules has been detected in various leukemias and it was more frequent in myeloid than in lymphoblastic leukemias. Analysis of the ligands for triggering NK receptors revealed the consistent expression of Poliovirus receptor (PVR) and Nectin-2 in myeloid leukemias. In contrast, major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain molecules A/B (MICA/B) and UL1b-binding protein (ULBPs) were either absent or weakly expressed. Accordingly, NK-mediated lysis of these leukemias was dependent on DNAM-1 but not NKG2D. The major role of NKp46 and NKp30 was also confirmed. The expression of PVR and/or Nectin-2 was less frequent in lymphoblastic leukemias. In most leukemias, both CD48 and NTBA were down-regulated. The correlation found between marker expression and susceptibility to lysis may reveal useful information for NK-based immunotherapy.

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