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Blood, 1 April 2005, Vol. 105, No. 7, pp. 2821-2827.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 9, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-09-3696.
 Previous Article | Table of Contents | Next Article 
IMMUNOBIOLOGY
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induce division arrest anergy of activated T cells
Sarah Glennie,
Inês Soeiro,
Peter J. Dyson,
Eric W.-F. Lam, and
Francesco Dazzi
From the Department of Immunology and Transplantation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London; and the Cancer Research–UK Labs and the Department of Cancer Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
It has been shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) induce T cells to become unresponsive. We characterized the phenotype of these T cells by dissecting the effect of MSCs on T-cell activation, proliferation, and effector function. For this purpose, an in vitro murine model was used in which T-cell responses were generated against the male HY minor histocompatibility antigen. In the presence of MSCs, the expression of early activation markers CD25 and CD69 was unaffected but interferon- (IFN-) production was reduced. The inhibitory effect of MSCs was directed mainly at the level of cell proliferation. Analysis of the cell cycle showed that T cells, stimulated in the presence of MSCs, were arrested at the G1 phase. At the molecular level, cyclin D2 expression was profoundly inhibited, whereas p27kip1 was up-regulated. When MSCs were removed from the cultures and restimulated with the cognate peptide, T cells produced IFN- but failed to proliferate. The addition of exogenous interleukin-2 (IL-2) did not restore proliferation. MSCs did not preferentially target any T-cell subset, and the inhibition was also extended to B cells. MSC-mediated inhibition induces an unresponsive T-cell profile that is fully consistent with that observed in division arrest anergy.
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