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Blood, 15 November 2005, Vol. 106, No. 10, pp. 3366-3369. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 14, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-03-1100. This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 2005-03-1100v1 2005-03-1100v2 106/10/3366    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Alter, G. Articles by Altfeld, M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Alter, G. Articles by Altfeld, M. Related Collections Immunobiology Brief Reports Clinical Trials and Observations Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  CLINICAL TRIALS AND OBSERVATIONS Brief report Sequential deregulation of NK cell subset distribution and function starting in acute HIV-1 infection Galit Alter, Nickolas Teigen, Benjamin T. Davis, Marylyn M. Addo, Todd J. Suscovich, Michael T. Waring, Hendrik Streeck, Mary N. Johnston, Kyle D. Staller, M. Tauheed Zaman, Xu G. Yu, Mathias Lichterfeld, Nesli Basgoz, Eric S. Rosenberg, and Marcus Altfeld From the Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Natural killer (NK) cells are critical in the first-line defense against viral infections. Chronic HIV-1 infection leads to a perturbation in the NK cell compartment, yet the kinetics of this deregulation and the functional consequences are unclear. Here, we characterized changes in the NK cell compartment longitudinally by multiparameter flow cytometry, starting in acute HIV-1 infection. Acute HIV-1 infection was associated with elevated NK cell numbers, with an expansion of CD3negCD56dimCD16pos NK cells and an early depletion of CD3negCD56brightCD16neg NK cells. Ongoing viral replication resulted in a depletion of CD3negCD56dimCD16pos NK cells with a paralleled increase in functionally anergic CD3negCD56negCD16pos NK cells, accompanied by reduced functional activity, as measured by CD107a expression and cytokine secretion. Taken together, these studies demonstrate a sequential impairment of NK cell function with persistent viral replication resulting from a progressive deregulation of NK cell subsets with distinct functional properties. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: V. D. Gonzalez, K. Falconer, N. K. Bjorkstrom, K. G. Blom, O. 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