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Blood, 15 July 2005, Vol. 106, No. 2, pp. 470-476.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on March 24, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-09-3663.
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GENE THERAPY
Generation of tumor-specific, HLA class Irestricted human Th1 and Tc1 cells by cell engineering with tumor peptidespecific T-cell receptor genes
Takemasa Tsuji,
Masaki Yasukawa,
Junko Matsuzaki,
Takayuki Ohkuri,
Kenji Chamoto,
Daiko Wakita,
Taichi Azuma,
Hironari Niiya,
Hiroyuki Miyoshi,
Kiyotaka Kuzushima,
Yoshihiro Oka,
Haruo Sugiyama,
Hiroaki Ikeda, and
Takashi Nishimura
From the Division of Immunoregulation, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; the First Department of Internal Medicine, Ehime University School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; the Subteam for Manipulation of Cell Fate, BioResource Center, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Ibaraki, Japan; the Division of Immunology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan; the Department of Molecular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and the Department of Functional Diagnostic Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Tumor antigenspecific CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, especially interferon- (IFN- )producing type-1 helper T (Th1) and type-1 cytotoxic T (Tc1) cells, play a crucial role in tumor eradication. Adoptive transfer using tumor-specific Th1 and Tc1 cells is a promising therapeutic strategy for tumor immunotherapy. However, its clinical application has been hampered because of difficulties in generating tumor-specific Th1 cells from patients with tumors. To overcome this problem, we have developed an efficient method to prepare tumor-specific Th1 and Tc1 cells. T-cell receptor (TCR) and genes obtained from an HLA-A24restricted, Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) peptidespecific Tc clone were lentivirally transduced to polyclonally activated Th1 and Tc1 cells. As expected, TCR gene-modified Tc1 cells showed cytotoxicity and IFN- production in response to peptide-loaded lymphoblastoid cell lines, WT1 genetransduced cells, and freshly isolated leukemia cells expressing both WT1 and HLA-A24. Surprisingly, we further demonstrated that Th1 cells transduced with HLA-class Irestricted TCR genes also showed both cytotoxicity and cytokine production in an HLA-A24restricted manner. In contrast to gene-modified Tc1 cells, Th1 cells produced high amounts of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in addition to IFN- , which is beneficial for induction of antitumor cellular immunity. Thus, TCR genemodified HLA-class Irestricted Th1 and Tc1 cells are a powerful strategy for the application to adoptive immunotherapy of human cancer.

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