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Blood, 1 September 2005, Vol. 106, No. 5, pp. 1525-1531. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 19, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-04-1509. This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 2005-04-1509v1 106/5/1525    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Ingram, D. A. Articles by Yoder, M. C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Ingram, D. A. Articles by Yoder, M. C. Related Collections Hematopoiesis and Stem Cells Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology Review Articles Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  REVIEW ARTICLES Unresolved questions, changing definitions, and novel paradigms for defining endothelial progenitor cells David A. Ingram, Noel M. Caplice, and Mervin C. Yoder From the Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; the Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; and the Department of Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine. The field of vascular biology has been stimulated by the concept that circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may play a role in neoangiogenesis (postnatal vasculogenesis). One problem for the field has been the difficulty in accurately defining an EPC. Likewise, circulating endothelial cells (CECs) are not well defined. The lack of a detailed understanding of the proliferative potential of EPCs and CECs has contributed to the controversy in identifying these cells and understanding their biology in vitro or in vivo. A novel paradigm using proliferative potential as one defining aspect of EPC biology suggests that a hierarchy of EPCs exists in human blood and blood vessels. The potential implications of this view in relation to current EPC definitions are discussed. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: H. Fujinaga, C. D. Baker, S. L. Ryan, N. E. Markham, G. J. Seedorf, V. Balasubramaniam, and S. H. Abman Hyperoxia disrupts vascular endothelial growth factor-nitric oxide signaling and decreases growth of endothelial colony-forming cells from preterm infants Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, December 1, 2009; 297(6): L1160 - L1169. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] G. Piaggio, V. Rosti, M. Corselli, F. 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