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Blood, 1 September 2005, Vol. 106, No. 5, pp. 1685-1693.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 10, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-12-4738.


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IMMUNOBIOLOGY

Negative feedback regulation of T helper type 1 (Th1)/Th2 cytokine balance via dendritic cell and natural killer T cell interactions

Keita Minami, Yoshiki Yanagawa, Kazuya Iwabuchi, Nobuo Shinohara, Toru Harabayashi, Katsuya Nonomura, and Kazunori Onoé

From the Division of Immunobiology, Institute for Genetic Medicine; and the Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.

The ability of extracellular stimuli to modulate dendritic cell (DC) activation of natural killer T (NKT) cells was not well understood. We investigated the effects of the T helper type 1 (Th1)/Th2-cytokine environment on DC induction of NKT cell-mediated cytokine production in mice. Pretreatment of myeloid DCs with Th1 or Th2 cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4 or interferon (IFN)-{gamma}, led to the enhanced production of reciprocal cytokines by NKT cells (eg, IL-4 pretreatment led to the enhanced production of Th1 cytokines) in vitro and in vivo. Thus, the recognition of Th1 or Th2 cytokines by DCs acts as a negative feedback loop to maintain Th1/Th2-cytokine balance via NKT cell functions. Using these data, we manipulated cytokine levels and innate cytolytic activity in vivo to increase an antitumor response. This is the first description of a novel regulation system governing Th1/Th2 cytokine balance involving DCs and NKT cells. (Blood. 2005;106:1685-1693)


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