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Blood, 15 March 2006, Vol. 107, No. 6, pp. 2423-2431. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on November 17, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-07-2709. This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 2005-07-2709v1 107/6/2423    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Ito, T. Articles by Liu, Y.-J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Ito, T. Articles by Liu, Y.-J. Related Collections Immunobiology Signal Transduction Chemokines, Cytokines, and Interleukins Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  IMMUNOBIOLOGY Specialization, kinetics, and repertoire of type 1 interferon responses by human plasmacytoid predendritic cells Tomoki Ito, Holger Kanzler, Omar Duramad, Wei Cao, and Yong-Jun Liu From the Department of Immunology and Center for Cancer Immunology Research, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and DNAX Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Palo Alto, CA. Recent studies suggest plasmacytoid predendritic cells (pDCs) and myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) have the functional plasticity to produce similar amounts of type 1 interferons (IFNs) and interleukin-12 (IL-12), challenging the concept and existence of DC subsets with distinct function. In this study, we demonstrate that previous studies showed human pDCs produce large amounts of IL-12 because of contaminating mDCs. Using highly purified human DC subsets, we found that although pDCs make 300 times more IFN- than mDCs and mDCs make 13 times more IL-12 p70 than pDCs in response to all the toll-like receptor ligands and CD40 ligands, pDCs rapidly make large amounts of IFN- within the first 12 hours of activation and become refractory to further stimulation. pDCs preferentially expressed the transcriptional factors critical for type 1 IFN, but not for IL-12 transcription, and they dedicated 60% of new transcriptional activity to make 19 type 1 IFN subtypes. This study provides formal proof that the plasticity of DC subsets is limited and that different DC subsets evolve to perform distinct functions in linking innate and adaptive immunity. (Blood. 2006;107:2423-2431) CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? 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