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Blood, 15 November 2006, Vol. 108, No. 10, pp. 3387-3396.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 13, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-03-009266.
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IMMUNOBIOLOGY
Pentraxin 3 protects from MCMV infection and reactivation through TLR sensing pathways leading to IRF3 activation
Silvia Bozza,
Francesco Bistoni,
Roberta Gaziano,
Lucia Pitzurra,
Teresa Zelante,
Pierluigi Bonifazi,
Katia Perruccio,
Silvia Bellocchio,
Mariella Neri,
Anna Maria Iorio,
Giovanni Salvatori,
Rita De Santis,
Mario Calvitti,
Andrea Doni,
Cecilia Garlanda,
Alberto Mantovani, and
Luigina Romani
From the Microbiology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, and the Departments of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Perugia; Sigma-Tau, Pomezia, Rome; and Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Milan, Italy.
Reactivation of latent human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) following allogeneic transplantation is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and predisposes to severe complications, including superinfection by Aspergillus species (spp). Antimicrobial polypeptides, including defensins and mannan-binding lectin, are known to block viral fusion by cross-linking sugars on cell surface. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a member of the long pentraxin family, successfully restored antifungal immunity in experimental hematopoietic transplantation. We assessed here whether PTX3 binds HCMV and murine virus (MCMV) and the impact on viral infectivity and superinfection in vivo. We found that PTX3 bound both viruses, reduced viral entry and infectivity in vitro, and protected from MCMV primary infection and reactivation as well as Aspergillus superinfection. This occurred through the activation of interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) in dendritic cells via the TLR9/MyD88-independent viral recognition sensing and the promotion of the interleukin-12 (IL-12)/IFN- –dependent effector pathway.
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