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Blood, 1 August 2006, Vol. 108, No. 3, pp. 836-846. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on April 4, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-11-4503.
CLINICAL TRIALS AND OBSERVATIONS Retrospective comparison of reduced-intensity conditioning and conventional high-dose conditioning for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using HLA-identical sibling donors in myelodysplastic syndromesFrom the Division of Clinical Hematology, Hospital de la Sant Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical Statistics, University of Leiden, the Netherlands; Chronic Leukemia Working Party Registry, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Hematology, Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Hospital, Essen, Germany; Centre Hopitalier Universitaire (CHU) Bordeaux, Hopital Haut-Leveque, Pessac, France; Department of Hematology, Hopital St Louis, Paris, France; Policlinico San Matteo Instituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Pavia, Italy; Department of Hematology, King's College London School of Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Leuven, Belgium; Centro Trapianti Midollo, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Giovanni, Torino, Italy; Service de Maladies du Sang, Hopital Claude Huriez, Lille, France; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Germany; and the Department of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
In this multicenter retrospective study, the outcomes of 836 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) who underwent transplantation with a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)identical sibling donor were analyzed according to 2 types of conditioning: reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) in 215 patients, and standard myeloablative (or high-dose) conditioning (SMC) in 621 patients. In multivariate analysis, the 3-year relapse rate was significantly increased after RIC (hazard ratio [HR], 1.64; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.2-2.2; P = .001), but the 3-year nonrelapse mortality (NRM) rate was decreased in the RIC group (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.41-0.91; P = .015). The 3-year probabilities of progression-free and overall survivals were similar in both groups (39% after SMC vs 33% in RIC; multivariate P = .9; and 45% vs 41%, respectively; P = .8). In conclusion, the lower 3-year NRM after RIC is encouraging, since these patients were older (age > 50 years in 73% RIC vs 28% in SMC, P < .001) and had more adverse pretransplantation variables. However, based on the higher risk of relapse, patients with no contraindications for SMC should not receive RIC outside of prospective randomized trials, which are needed to establish the position of RIC-based transplantation in the treatment of patients with MDS.
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