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Blood, 1 August 2006, Vol. 108, No. 3, pp. 965-973.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on April 6, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-12-5046.


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IMMUNOBIOLOGY

The Wingless homolog WNT5A and its receptor Frizzled-5 regulate inflammatory responses of human mononuclear cells induced by microbial stimulation

Antje Blumenthal, Stefan Ehlers, Jörg Lauber, Jan Buer, Christoph Lange, Torsten Goldmann, Holger Heine, Ernst Brandt, and Norbert Reiling

From the Division of Molecular Infection Biology, Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Division of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Division of Innate Immunity, and Division of Biological Chemistry, Research Center Borstel (RCB), Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Borstel, Germany; Department of Mucosal Immunity, The German Research Center for Biotechnology (GBF), Braunschweig, Germany; and the Institute of Medical Microbiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.

Microarray - assisted gene - expression screens of human macrophages revealed WNT5A, a homolog of Wingless, a key regulator of Drosophila melanogaster embryonic segmentation and patterning, to be consistently up-regulated following stimulation with different mycobacterial species and conserved bacterial structures. The expression of WNT5A required Toll-like receptor signaling and NF-{kappa}B activation, which identifies a novel induction pathway for a Wingless homolog. We show that human peripheral-blood mononuclear cells express the WNT5A receptor Frizzled-5 (FZD5). Both WNT5A and FZD5 also were detected in granulomatous lesions in the lungs of Mycobacterium tuberculosis–infected patients. Functional studies showed that WNT5A and FZD5 regulate the microbially induced interleukin-12 response of antigen-presenting cells and interferon-{gamma} production by mycobacterial antigenstimulated T cells. Our findings implicate the evolutionarily conserved WNT/Frizzled signaling system in bridging innate and adaptive immunity to infections.


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