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Blood, 1 November 2006, Vol. 108, No. 9, pp. 2957-2964. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 6, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-04-018218. This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: blood-2006-04-018218v1 108/9/2957    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Carreras, J. Articles by Banham, A. H. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Carreras, J. Articles by Banham, A. H. Related Collections Immunobiology Neoplasia Clinical Trials and Observations Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  CLINICAL TRIALS AND OBSERVATIONS High numbers of tumor-infiltrating FOXP3-positive regulatory T cells are associated with improved overall survival in follicular lymphoma Joaquim Carreras, Armando Lopez-Guillermo, Bridget C. Fox, Lluis Colomo, Antonio Martinez, Giovanna Roncador, Emili Montserrat, Elias Campo, and Alison H. Banham From the Hematopathology Section, Departments of Pathology, and Hematology, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; the Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom; and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain. The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the biologic behavior of follicular lymphoma (FL), but the specific cell subsets involved in this regulation are unknown. To determine the impact of FOXP3-positive regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the progression and outcome of FL patients, we examined samples from 97 patients at diagnosis and 37 at first relapse with an anti-FOXP3 monoclonal antibody. Tregs were quantified using computerized image analysis. The median overall survival (OS) of the series was 9.9 years, and the FL International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) was prognostically significant. The median Treg percentage at diagnosis was 10.5%. Overall, 49 patients had more than 10% Tregs, 30 between 5% to 10%, and 19 less than 5%, with a 5-year OS of 80%, 74%, and 50%, respectively (P = .001). Patients with very low numbers of Tregs (< 5%) presented more frequently with refractory disease (P = .007). The prognostic significance of Treg numbers was independent of the FLIPI. Seven transformed diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) had lower Treg percentages (mean: 3.3%) than FL grades 1,2 (mean: 12.1%) or 3 (mean: 9%) (P < .02). In conclusion, high Treg numbers predict improved survival of FL patients, while a marked reduction in Tregs is observed on transformation to DLBCL. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: J. W. Sweetenham, B. Goldman, M. L. LeBlanc, J. R. Cook, R. R. Tubbs, O. W. Press, D. G. Maloney, R. I. Fisher, L. M. Rimsza, R. M. Braziel, et al. Prognostic value of regulatory T cells, lymphoma-associated macrophages, and MUM-1 expression in follicular lymphoma treated before and after the introduction of monoclonal antibody therapy: a Southwest Oncology Group Study Ann. Onc., October 29, 2009; (2009) mdp460v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] C. Menetrier-Caux, M. Gobert, and C. 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