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Blood, 15 May 2007, Vol. 109, No. 10, pp. 4306-4312.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on January 25, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-09-047159.


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IMMUNOBIOLOGY

NK cytotoxicity mediated by CD16 but not by NKp30 is functional in Griscelli syndrome

Roi Gazit1, Memet Aker2, Moran Elboim1, Hagit Achdout1, Gil Katz1, Dana G. Wolf3, Shulamit Katzav4, and Ofer Mandelboim1

1 The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel; 2 Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel; 3 Clinical Virology Unit, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; 4 Hubert H. Humphrey Center for Experimental Medicine and Cancer Research, the Hebrew University–Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel

Griscelli syndrome (GS) type 2 is an autosomal recessive disorder represented by pigment dilution and impaired cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity. NK activity has been scarcely investigated in GS patients. Here, we describe a new patient, possessing a hemophagocytic syndrome with a homozygous Q118X nonsense RAB27A mutation. Single specific primer–polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR) was developed based on this mutation and is currently used in prenatal genetic analysis. As expected, CTLs in the patient are not functional and NK cytotoxicity against K562 or 721.221 cells is diminished. Surprisingly, however, we demonstrate that CD16-mediated killing is intact in this patient and is therefore RAB27A independent, whereas NKp30-mediated killing is impaired and is therefore RAB27A dependent. We further analyzed the signaling pathways of these 2 receptors and demonstrated phosphorylation of Vav1 after CD16 activation but not after NKp30 engagement. Thus, we identify a novel homozygous mutation in the RAB27A gene of a new GS patient, observe for the first time that some activating NK receptors function in GS patients, and demonstrate a functional dichotomy in the killing mediated by these human NK-activating receptors.


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