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Blood, 1 June 2007, Vol. 109, No. 11, pp. 4635-4640.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on February 27, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-10-050054.


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CLINICAL TRIALS AND OBSERVATIONS

Low-dose imatinib mesylate leads to rapid induction of major molecular responses and achievement of complete molecular remission in FIP1L1-PDGFRA–positive chronic eosinophilic leukemia

Jelena V. Jovanovic1, Joannah Score2, Katherine Waghorn2, Daniela Cilloni3, Enrico Gottardi3, Georgia Metzgeroth4, Philipp Erben4, Helena Popp4, Christoph Walz4, Andreas Hochhaus4, Catherine Roche-Lestienne5, Claude Preudhomme5, Ellen Solomon1, Jane Apperley6, Michela Rondoni7, Emanuela Ottaviani7, Giovanni Martinelli7, Finella Brito-Babapulle8, Giuseppe Saglio3, Rüdiger Hehlmann4, Nicholas C. P. Cross2, Andreas Reiter4, David Grimwade, on behalf of the European LeukemiaNet1

1 Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King's College London, United Kingdom; 2 Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Salisbury, United Kingdom; 3 Department of Clinical & Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy; 4 III Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; 5 Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Calmette, Lille, France; 6 Department of Haematology, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; 7 Institute of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University of Bologna, Italy; 8 Department of Haematology, Ealing Hospital, London, United Kingdom

The FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene is a recurrent molecular lesion in eosinophilia-associated myeloproliferative disorders, predicting a favorable response to imatinib mesylate. To investigate its prevalence, 376 patients with persistent unexplained hypereosinophilia were screened by the United Kingdom reference laboratory, revealing 40 positive cases (11%). To determine response kinetics following imatinib, real-time quantitative–polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) assays were developed and evaluated in samples accrued from across the European LeukemiaNet. The FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion transcript was detected at a sensitivity of 1 in 105 in serial dilution of the EOL-1 cell line. Normalized FIP1L1-PDGFRA transcript levels in patient samples prior to imatinib varied by almost 3 logs. Serial monitoring was undertaken in patients with a high level of FIP1L1-PDGFRA expression prior to initiation of imatinib (100 mg/d-400 mg/d). Overall, 11 of 11 evaluable patients achieved at least a 3-log reduction in FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion transcripts relative to the pretreatment level within 12 months, with achievement of molecular remission in 9 of 11 (assay sensitivities 1 in 103-105). In 2 patients, withdrawal of imatinib was followed by a rapid rise in FIP1L1-PDGFRA transcript levels. Overall, these data are consistent with the exquisite sensitivity of the FIP1L1-PDGFR{alpha} fusion to imatinib, as compared with BCR-ABL, and underline the importance of RQ-PCR monitoring to guide management using molecularly targeted therapies.


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