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Blood, 1 June 2007, Vol. 109, No. 11, pp. 4810-4815.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on February 20, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-11-057216.
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IMMUNOBIOLOGY
Eradication of lymphoma by CD8 T cells following anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody therapy is critically dependent on CD27 costimulation
Ruth R. French1,
Vadim Y. Taraban1,
Graham R. Crowther1,
Tania F. Rowley1,
Juliet C. Gray1,
Peter W. Johnson1,
Alison L. Tutt1,
Aymen Al-Shamkhani1, and
Martin J. Glennie1
1 Tenovus Research Laboratory, Cancer Sciences Division, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
Growing evidence points to the potential of agonistic anti-CD40 mAbs as adjuvants for vaccination against cancer. These appear to act by maturing dendritic cells (DCs) and allowing them to prime CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Although it is well established that optimal T-cell priming requires costimulation via B7:CD28, recent studies emphasize the contribution of TNF receptors to this process. To understand how anti-CD40 mAbs trigger effective antitumor immunity, we investigated the role of TNFR superfamily members CD27 and 4-1BB in the generation of this immunity and showed that, although partially dependent on 4-1BB:4-1BBL engagement, it is completely reliant on CD27:CD70 interactions. Importantly, blocking CD70, and to some extent 4-1BBL, during anti-CD40 treatment prevented accumulation of tumor-reactive T cells and subsequent tumor protection. However, it did not influence changes in DC number, phenotype, nor the activity of CTLs once immunity was established. We conclude that CD27:CD70 and 4-1BB:4-1BBL interactions are needed for DC-driven accumulation of antitumor CTLs following anti-CD40 mAb treatment. Finally, in support of the critical role for CD70:CD27, we show for the first time that agonistic anti-CD27 mAbs given without a DC maturation signal completely protect tumor-bearing mice and provide a highly potent reagent for boosting antitumor T-cell immunity.

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