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Blood, 1 June 2007, Vol. 109, No. 11, pp. 5058-5061. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on February 22, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-01-065383. This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: blood-2007-01-065383v1 109/11/5058    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Miller, J. S. Articles by Weisdorf, D. J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Miller, J. S. Articles by Weisdorf, D. J. Related Collections Immunobiology Transplantation Brief Reports Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  TRANSPLANTATION Brief Report Missing KIR ligands are associated with less relapse and increased graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) following unrelated donor allogeneic HCT Jeffery S. Miller1, Sarah Cooley1, Peter Parham2, Sherif S. Farag3, Michael R. Verneris1, Karina L. McQueen2, Lisbeth A. Guethlein2, Elizabeth A. Trachtenberg4, Michael Haagenson5, Mary M. Horowitz6, John P. Klein7, and Daniel J. Weisdorf1 1 Divisions of Adult and Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis; 2 Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; 3 Division of Hematology and Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; 4 Center for Genetics, Children's Hospital & Research Center Oakland, CA; 5 Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, National Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN; 6 Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; 7 Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Natural killer (NK) cells can alter the outcome of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) if donor alloreactivity targets the recipient. Since most NK cells express inhibitory killer-immunoglobulin receptors (KIRs), we hypothesized that the susceptibility of recipient cells to donor NK cell–mediated lysis is genetically predetermined by the absence of known KIR ligands. We analyzed data from 2062 patients undergoing unrelated donor HCT for acute myeloid leukemia (AML; n = 556), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML; n = 1224), and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS; n = 282). Missing 1 or more KIR ligands versus the presence of all ligands protected against relapse in patients with early myeloid leukemia (relative risk [RR] = 0.54; n = 536, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.30-0.95, P = .03). In the subset of CML patients that received a transplant beyond 1 year from diagnosis (n = 479), missing a KIR ligand independently predicted a greater risk of developing grade 3-4 acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD; RR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.13-2.22; P = .008). These data support a genetically determined role for NK cells following unrelated HCT in myeloid leukemia. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: K. Matthews, Z. Lim, B. Afzali, L. Pearce, A. Abdallah, S. Kordasti, A. Pagliuca, G. Lombardi, J. A. Madrigal, G. J. Mufti, et al. Imbalance of effector and regulatory CD4 T cells is associated with graft-versus-host disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using a reduced intensity conditioning regimen and alemtuzumab Haematologica, July 1, 2009; 94(7): 956 - 966. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] P. S. Woll, B. Grzywacz, X. Tian, R. K. Marcus, D. A. Knorr, M. R. Verneris, and D. S. Kaufman Human embryonic stem cells differentiate into a homogeneous population of natural killer cells with potent in vivo antitumor activity Blood, June 11, 2009; 113(24): 6094 - 6101. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] R. D. Kuns, E. S. Morris, K. P. A. MacDonald, K. 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Donors with group B KIR haplotypes improve relapse-free survival after unrelated hematopoietic cell transplantation for acute myelogenous leukemia Blood, January 15, 2009; 113(3): 726 - 732. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] C. Fauriat, S. Andersson, A. T. Bjorklund, M. Carlsten, M. Schaffer, N. K. Bjorkstrom, B. C. Baumann, J. Michaelsson, H.-G. Ljunggren, and K.-J. Malmberg Estimation of the Size of the Alloreactive NK Cell Repertoire: Studies in Individuals Homozygous for the Group A KIR Haplotype J. Immunol., November 1, 2008; 181(9): 6010 - 6019. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] L. Binyamin, R. K. Alpaugh, T. L. Hughes, C. T. Lutz, K. S. Campbell, and L. M. Weiner Blocking NK Cell Inhibitory Self-Recognition Promotes Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity in a Model of Anti-Lymphoma Therapy J. Immunol., May 1, 2008; 180(9): 6392 - 6401. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] E. Alici, T. Sutlu, B. Bjorkstrand, M. Gilljam, B. Stellan, H. Nahi, H. C. Quezada, G. Gahrton, H.-G. Ljunggren, and M. S. Dilber Autologous antitumor activity by NK cells expanded from myeloma patients using GMP-compliant components Blood, March 15, 2008; 111(6): 3155 - 3162. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] S. Diermayr, H. Himmelreich, B. Durovic, A. Mathys-Schneeberger, U. Siegler, U. Langenkamp, J. Hofsteenge, A. Gratwohl, A. Tichelli, M. Paluszewska, et al. NKG2D ligand expression in AML increases in response to HDAC inhibitor valproic acid and contributes to allorecognition by NK-cell lines with single KIR-HLA class I specificities Blood, February 1, 2008; 111(3): 1428 - 1436. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] N. S. Majhail Old and New Cancers after Hematopoietic-Cell Transplantation Hematology, January 1, 2008; 2008(1): 142 - 149. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J. Yu, G. Heller, J. Chewning, S. Kim, W. M. Yokoyama, and K. C. Hsu Hierarchy of the Human Natural Killer Cell Response Is Determined by Class and Quantity of Inhibitory Receptors for Self-HLA-B and HLA-C Ligands J. 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