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Blood, 15 January 2007, Vol. 109, No. 2, pp. 795-801.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 26, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-06-027946.
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RED CELLS
Dynamic posttranscriptional regulation of -globin gene expression in vivo
Zhenning He1, and
J. Eric Russell1,2,
1 Department of Medicine (Hematology-Oncology) and
2 Department of Pediatrics (Hematology), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
Functional studies of embryonic -globin indicate that individuals with ß thalassemia or sickle cell disease are likely to benefit from therapeutic, transcriptional derepression of its encoding gene. The success of -globin gene-reactivation strategies, however, will be tempered by the stability that -globin mRNA exhibits in developmental stage-discordant definitive erythroid progenitors. Using cell culture and transgenic mouse model systems, we demonstrate that -globin mRNA is modestly unstable in immature, transcriptionally active erythroid cells, but that this characteristic has relatively little impact on the accumulation of -globin mRNA at subsequent stages of terminal differentiation. Importantly, the constitutive stability of -globin mRNA increases in transgenic mouse models of ß thalassemia, suggesting that - and ß-globin mRNAs are coregulated through a shared posttranscriptional mechanism. As anticipated, relevant cis-acting determinants of -globin mRNA stability map to its 3' UTR, consistent with the positioning of functionally related elements in other globin mRNAs. These studies demonstrate that posttranscriptional processes do not pose a significant practical barrier to -globin gene reactivation and, moreover, indicate that related therapeutic strategies may be particularly effective in individuals carrying ß-thalassemic gene defects.

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