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Blood, 15 February 2007, Vol. 109, No. 4, pp. 1692-1700.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on October 5, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-07-037077.
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NEOPLASIA
Gene-expression signature of benign monoclonal gammopathy evident in multiple myeloma is linked to good prognosis
Fenghuang Zhan1,
Bart Barlogie1,
Varant Arzoumanian1,
Yongsheng Huang1,
David R. Williams1,
Klaus Hollmig1,
Mauricio Pineda-Roman1,
Guido Tricot1,
Frits van Rhee1,
Maurizio Zangari1,
Madhav Dhodapkar2, and
John D. Shaughnessy, Jr1
1 Donna D. and Donald M. Lambert Laboratory of Myeloma Genetics, Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock;
2 Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) can progress to multiple myeloma (MM). Although these diseases share many of the same genetic features, it is still unclear whether global gene-expression profiling might identify prior genomic signatures that distinguish them. Through significance analysis of microarrays, 52 genes involved in important pathways related to cancer were differentially expressed in the plasma cells of healthy subjects (normal plasma-cell [NPC]; n = 22) and patients with stringently defined MGUS/smoldering MM (n = 24) and symptomatic MM (n = 351) (P < .001). Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of 351 patients with MM, 44 with MGUS (24 + 20), and 16 with MM from MGUS created 2 major cluster branches, one containing 82% of the MGUS patients and the other containing 28% of the MM patients, termed MGUS-like MM (MGUS-L MM). Using the same clustering approach on an independent cohort of 214 patients with MM, 27% were found to be MGUS-L. This molecular signature, despite its association with a lower incidence of complete remission (P = .006), was associated with low-risk clinical and molecular features and superior survival (P < .01). The MGUS-L signature was also seen in plasma cells from 15 of 20 patients surviving more than 10 years after autotransplantation. These data provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of plasma-cell dyscrasias.
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