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Blood, 1 April 2007, Vol. 109, No. 7, pp. 2794-2796.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on November 16, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-07-034272.
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CLINICAL TRIALS AND OBSERVATIONS
Brief Report
Granulocyte-stimulating factor and severe aplastic anemia: a survey by the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT)
Gerard Socie1,
Jean-Yves Mary2,
Hubert Schrezenmeier3,
Judith Marsh4,
Andrea Bacigalupo5,
Anna Locasciulli6,
Monica Fuehrer7,
Albert Bekassy8,
Andre Tichelli9, and
Jakob Passweg10
1 Service d'Hématologie Greffe, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728, Hospital Saint Louis, Paris, France;
2 INSERM U717, University Paris VII, and Département de Biostatistique et Informatique Médicale (DBIM) Hospital Saint Louis, Paris, France;
3 University of Ulm, Institute for Transfusion Medicine, and Institut für Klinische Transfusionmedizin und Immunogenetik (IKT) Ulm, Ulm, Germany;
4 Hematology, Saint George Hospital, London, United Kingdom;
5 Department of Hematology, Hospital San Martino, Genova, Italy;
6 Department of Hematology, Hospital San Camillo, Rome, Italy;
7 Children Hospital, University of Munich, Munich, Germany;
8 Department of Hematology, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden;
9 Department of Hematology, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland;
10 Department of Hematology, Geneva Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
Previous studies suggested a link between the use of G-CSF and increased incidence of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after immunosuppressive therapy (IST) for severe aplastic anemia (SAA). This European survey included 840 patients who received a first-line IST with (43%) or without (57%) G-CSF. The incidences of MDS/AML in patients who did or did not receive G-CSF were 10.9% and 5.8%, respectively. A significantly higher hazard (1.9) of MDS/AML was associated with use of G-CSF. Relapse of aplastic anemia was not associated with a worse outcome in patients who did not receive G-CSF as first therapy, whereas relapse was associated with a significantly worse outcome in those patients who received G-CSF. These results emphasize the necessity of the current European randomized trial comparing IST with or without G-CSF and to alert physicians that adding G-CSF to IST is currently not standard treatment for SAA.

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