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 Blood, 1 April 2007, Vol. 109, No. 7, pp. 3015-3023.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 5, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-08-044347.

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NEOPLASIA

Comprehensive analysis of homeobox genes in Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines identifies dysregulated expression of HOXB9 mediated via ERK5 signaling and BMI1

Stefan Nagel1, Christof Burek2, Letizia Venturini3, Michaela Scherr3, Hilmar Quentmeier1, Corinna Meyer1, Andreas Rosenwald2, Hans G. Drexler1, and Roderick A. F. MacLeod1

1 Human and Animal Cell Cultures, Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen (DSMZ), Braunschweig, Germany; 2 Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Germany; 3 Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Germany

Many members of the nearly 200-strong homeobox gene family have been implicated in cancer, mostly following ectopic expression. In this study we analyzed homeobox gene expression in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) cell lines. Both reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using degenerate primers and microarray profiling identified consistently up-regulated HOXB9 expression. Analysis of HOXB9 regulation in HL cells revealed E2F3A and BMI1 as activator and repressor, respectively. Furthermore, a constitutively active ERK5 pathway was identified in all HL cell lines analyzed as well as primary HL cells. Our data show that ERK5 probably mediates HOXB9 expression by repressing BMI1. In addition, expression analysis of the neighboring microRNA gene mir-196a1 revealed coregulation with HOXB9. Functional analysis of HOXB9 by knockdown and overexpression assays indicated their influence on both proliferation and apoptosis in HL cells. In summary, we identified up-regulation of HOXB9 in HL mediated by constitutively active ERK5 signaling which may represent novel therapeutic targets in HL.


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