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Blood, 15 April 2007, Vol. 109, No. 8, pp. 3225-3234.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 14, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-07-037838.
 Previous Article | Table of Contents | Next Article 
HEMATOPOIESIS
Interrelation between polyploidization and megakaryocyte differentiation: a gene profiling approach
Hana Raslova1,6,
Audrey Kauffmann2,
Dalila Sekkaï1,6,
Hugues Ripoche2,
Fréderic Larbret1,6,
Thomas Robert3,
Diana Tronik Le Roux4,
Guido Kroemer5,6,
Najet Debili1,6,
Philippe Dessen2,
Vladimir Lazar3, and
William Vainchenker1,6
1 Institut de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité (U) 790, Villejuif, France;
2 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Formation de Recherche en Evolution (FRE) 2939, Villejuif, France;
3 Institut Gustave Roussy, Unité de génomique fonctionelle, Villejuif, France;
4 Centre de l'Energie Atomique, Evry, France;
5 INSERM U848, Villejuif, France;
6 Université Paris XI, Villejuif, France
Polyploidization is a part of the normal developmental process leading to platelet production during megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation. Ploidization is mainly involved in cell enlargement, but it is not clear whether gene expression is modified during MK ploidization. In this study, human MKs were grown from CD34+ cells in the presence of thrombopoietin and sorted according to their ploidy level. A pangenomic microarray technique was applied to compare gene expression in 2N-, 4N-, 8N-, and 16N-sorted MKs. Using hierarchical clustering, we demonstrated that 2N and 4N MKs or 8N and 16N MKs are 2 different close populations with 105 discriminating genes. In the second approach, we determined the profile of genes that were continuously down- and up-regulated during polyploidization. Among the 100 down-regulated genes, 24 corresponded to genes involved in DNA replication and repair. The great majority of up-regulated genes corresponded to genes directly involved in platelet functions, such as genes encoding specific platelet glycoproteins and  -granule proteins, actin and microtubule cytoskeleton, factors involved in signaling, and transport proteins. Together, these results suggest that MK polyploidization per se does not regulate gene expression but is intrinsically included in the differentiation process.
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