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Blood, 15 April 2007, Vol. 109, No. 8, pp. 3479-3488.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on February 1, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-06-031948.
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NEOPLASIA
Family history of hematopoietic malignancies and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL): a pooled analysis of 10 211 cases and 11 905 controls from the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium (InterLymph)
Sophia S. Wang1,
Susan L. Slager2,
Paul Brennan3,
Elizabeth A. Holly4,
Silvia De Sanjose5,
Leslie Bernstein6,
Paolo Boffetta3,
James R. Cerhan2,
Marc Maynadie7,
John J. Spinelli8,
Brian C. H. Chiu9,
Pier Luigi Cocco10,
Fiona Mensah11,
Yawei Zhang12,
Alexandra Nieters13,
Luigino Dal Maso14,
Paige M. Bracci4,
Adele Seniori Costantini15,
Paolo Vineis16,
Richard K. Severson17,
Eve Roman11,
Wendy Cozen6,
Dennis Weisenburger18,
Scott Davis19,
Silvia Franceschi20,
Carlo La Vecchia21,
Lenka Foretova22,
Nikolaus Becker13,
Anthony Staines23,
Martine Vornanen24,
Tongzhang Zheng12, and
Patricia Hartge1
1 Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD;
2 Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN;
3 Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research in Cancer, Lyon, France;
4 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco;
5 Epidemiology and Cancer Registry Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain;
6 Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles;
7 Registre des Hemopathies Malignes de Côte d'Or, Faculte de Medecine de Dijon, France;
8 Cancer Control Research Program, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada;
9 Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL;
10 Department of Public Health, Occupational Health Section, University of Cagliari, Italy;
11 Epidemiology and Genetics Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, United Kingdom;
12 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT;
13 Division of Clinical Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany;
14 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Aviano Cancer Centre, Italy;
15 Center for Study and Prevention of Cancer, Unit of Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology, Florence, Italy;
16 Environmental Epidemiology, Imperial College of London, United Kingdom;
17 Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Family Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI;
18 Pathology and Microbiology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln;
19 Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle;
20 Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, International Agency for Research in Cancer, Lyon, France;
21 Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" and Istituto di Statistica Medica e Biometria, University of Milan, Italy;
22 Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic;
23 Department of Public Health, Public Health University College, Dublin, Ireland;
24 Pathology Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
A role for genetic susceptibility in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is supported by the accumulating evidence of common genetic variations altering NHL risk. However, the pattern of NHL heritability remains poorly understood. We conducted a pooled analysis of 10 211 NHL cases and 11 905 controls from the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium (InterLymph) to evaluate NHL risk among those with hematopoietic malignancies in first-degree relatives. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of NHL and its subtypes were estimated from unconditional logistic regression models with adjustment for confounders. NHL risk was elevated for individuals who reported first-degree relatives with NHL (OR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.2-1.9), Hodgkin lymphoma (OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.1-2.3), and leukemia (OR = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.2-2.7). Risk was highest among individuals who reported a brother with NHL (OR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.6-4.8) and was consistent for all NHL subtypes evaluated. If a first-degree relative had Hodgkin lymphoma, NHL risk was highest if the relative was a parent (OR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.0-2.9). If a first-degree relative had leukemia, NHL risk was highest among women who reported a sister with leukemia (OR = 3.0; 95% CI = 1.6-5.6). The pattern of NHL heritability appeared to be uniform across NHL subtypes, but risk patterns differed by specific hematopoietic malignancies and the sex of the relative, revealing critical clues to disease etiology.

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