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Blood, 1 May 2007, Vol. 109, No. 9, pp. 4064-4070. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on January 3, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-06-032193.
TRANSPLANTATION HLA mismatching within or outside of cross-reactive groups (CREGs) is associated with similar outcomes after unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation1 Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, ON, Canada; 2 Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC; 3 Department of Internal Medicine, St Louis University, MO; 4 Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington; 5 Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH; 6 Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; 7 Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; 8 National Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN; 9 Immunology Laboratory, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Fairview, Minneapolis; 10 Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplantation Research, Minneapolis, MN; 11 Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplantation Research, Milwaukee, WI; 12 Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, FL The National Marrow Donor Program maintains a registry of volunteer donors for patients in need of a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Strategies for selecting a partially HLA-mismatched donor vary when a full match cannot be identified. Some transplantation centers limit the selection of mismatched donors to those sharing mismatched antigens within HLA-A and HLA-B cross-reactive groups (CREGs). To assess whether an HLA mismatch within a CREG group ("minor") may result in better outcome than a mismatch outside CREG groups ("major"), we analyzed validated outcomes data from 2709 bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cell transplantations. Three-hundred and ninety-six pairs (15%) were HLA-DRB1 allele matched but had an antigen-level mismatch at HLA-A or HLA-B. Univariate and multivariate analyses of engraftment, graft-versus-host disease, and survival showed that outcome is not significantly different between minor and major mismatches (P = .47, from the log-rank test for Kaplan-Meier survival). However, HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DRB1 allelematched cases had significantly better outcome than mismatched cases (P < .001). For patients without an HLA match, the selection of a CREG-compatible donor as tested does not improve outcome.
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