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Blood, 15 October 2007, Vol. 110, No. 8, pp. 2916-2923. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 2, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-01-068080.
HEMOSTASIS, THROMBOSIS, AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY Functional interplay between endothelial nitric oxide synthase and membrane type 1–matrix metalloproteinase in migrating endothelial cells1 Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; 2 Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Instituto "Reina Sofia" de Investigaciones Nefrológicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; 3 Matrix Biology and Biochemistry, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; 4 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH Nitric oxide (NO) is essential for vascular homeostasis and is also a critical modulator of angiogenesis; however, the molecular mechanisms of NO action during angiogenesis remain elusive. We have investigated the potential relationship between NO and membrane type 1–matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) during endothelial migration and capillary tube formation. Endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) colocalizes with MT1-MMP at motility-associated structures in migratory human endothelial cells (ECs); moreover, NO is produced at these structures and is released into the medium during EC migration. We have therefore addressed 2 questions: (1) the putative regulation of MT1-MMP by NO in migratory ECs; and (2) the requirement for MT1-MMP in NO-induced EC migration and tube formation. NO upregulates MT1-MMP membrane clustering on migratory human ECs, and this is accompanied by increased degradation of type I collagen substrate. MT1-MMP membrane expression and localization are impaired in lung ECs from eNOS-deficient mice, and these cells also show impaired migration and tube formation in vitro. Inhibition of MT1-MMP with a neutralizing antibody impairs NOinduced tube formation by human ECs, and NO-induced endothelial migration and tube formation are impaired in lung ECs from mice deficient in MT1-MMP. MT1-MMP thus appears to be a key molecular effector of NO during the EC migration and angiogenic processes, and is a potential therapeutic target for NO-associated vascular disorders.
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