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Blood, 15 October 2007, Vol. 110, No. 8, pp. 2940-2947.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 12, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-04-086751.


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IMMUNOBIOLOGY

Inactivation of PI3K{gamma} and PI3K{delta} distorts T-cell development and causes multiple organ inflammation

Hong Ji1, Felix Rintelen1, Caroline Waltzinger1, Dominique Bertschy Meier1, Antonio Bilancio2, Wayne Pearce2, Emilio Hirsch3, Matthias P. Wymann4, Thomas Rückle1, Montserrat Camps1, Bart Vanhaesebroeck2, Klaus Okkenhaug5, and Christian Rommel1

1 Merck Serono S. A., Geneva Research Center, Geneva, Switzerland; 2 Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; 3 Department of Genetics, Biology and Biochemistry, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; 4 Institute of Biochemistry & Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and 5 Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signaling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Mice lacking both the p110{gamma} and p110{delta} isoforms display severe impairment of thymocyte development. Here, we show that this phenotype is recapitulated in p110{gamma}–/–/p110{delta}D910A/D910A (p110{gamma}KO{delta}D910A) mice where the p110{delta} isoform has been inactivated by a point mutation. Moreover, we have examined the pathological consequences of the p110{gamma}{delta} deficiency, which include profound T-cell lymphopenia, T-cell and eosinophil infiltration of mucosal organs, elevated IgE levels, and a skewing toward Th2 immune responses. Using small-molecule selective inhibitors, we demonstrated that in mature T cells, p110{delta}, but not p110{gamma}, controls Th1 and Th2 cytokine secretion. Thus, the pathology in the p110{gamma}{delta}-deficient mice is likely to be secondary to a developmental block in the thymus that leads to lymphopenia-associated inflammatory responses.


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