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Blood, 1 November 2007, Vol. 110, No. 9, pp. 3136-3142.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on August 1, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-03-080291.
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HEMATOPOIESIS
C/EBP binds and activates the PU.1 distal enhancer to induce monocyte lineage commitment
Christine Yeamans1,
Dehua Wang1,
Ido Paz-Priel1,
Bruce E. Torbett2,
Daniel G. Tenen3, and
Alan D. Friedman1
1 Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD;
2 The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA; and
3 Harvard Institute of Medicine, Boston, MA
The PU.1 gene contains a 237–base pair distal enhancer located 14 kilobases upstream of its promoter. We have identified 2 sites within the PU.1 enhancer that strongly bind C/EBP in a gel shift assay, and interaction with endogenous C/EBP was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation. Mutation of these DNA elements reduced activity of a distal enhancer-promoter construct 2- or 5-fold in a myeloid cell line, while mutation of a weaker C/EBP -binding site located in the promoter minimally reduced activity in this context. These findings strengthen the link between C/EBP and PU.1 expression. Reduction of C/EBP activity in cases of acute myeloid leukemia may therefore contribute to transformation by reducing PU.1 levels. In addition, induction of PU.1 by C/EBP during normal hematopoiesis may contribute to stem cell commitment to the myeloid lineages and further commitment to monopoiesis. Consistent with a requirement for C/EBP induction of PU.1 during myeloid development, we demonstrate that C/EBP induces monocytic development when expressed in PU.1+/+, PU.1+/–, or PU.1+/kd marrow myeloid progenitors but induces granulocyte lineage commitment in PU.1kd/kd cells lacking the PU.1 distal enhancer and does not induce either lineage in PU.1–/– cells.

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M. Hoogenkamp, H. Krysinska, R. Ingram, G. Huang, R. Barlow, D. Clarke, A. Ebralidze, P. Zhang, H. Tagoh, P. N. Cockerill, et al.
The Pu.1 Locus Is Differentially Regulated at the Level of Chromatin Structure and Noncoding Transcription by Alternate Mechanisms at Distinct Developmental Stages of Hematopoiesis
Mol. Cell. Biol.,
November 1, 2007;
27(21):
7425 - 7438.
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