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Blood, 1 November 2007, Vol. 110, No. 9, pp. 3301-3309.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on August 10, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-01-071035.


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NEOPLASIA

Target proteins of C/EBP{alpha}p30 in AML: C/EBP{alpha}p30 enhances sumoylation of C/EBP{alpha}p42 via up-regulation of Ubc9

Mulu Geletu1, Mumtaz Y. Balkhi1, Abdul A. Peer Zada1, Maximilian Christopeit1, John A. Pulikkan1, Arun K. Trivedi1, Daniel G. Tenen2, and Gerhard Behre1

1 Bone Marrow Transplantation Section, State Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine IV–Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital of Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany; 2 Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston, MA

CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein {alpha} (C/EBP{alpha}) is a critical regulator for early myeloid differentiation. Mutations in C/EBP{alpha} occur in 10% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), leading to the expression of a 30-kDa dominant-negative isoform (C/EBP{alpha}p30). In the present study, using a global proteomics approach to identify the target proteins of C/EBP{alpha}p30, we show that Ubc9, an E2-conjugating enzyme essential for sumoylation, is increased in its expression when C/EBP{alpha}p30 is induced. We confirmed the increased expression of Ubc9 in patients with AML with C/EBP{alpha}p30 mutations compared with other subtypes. We further confirmed that the increase of Ubc9 expression was mediated through increased transcription. Furthermore, we show that Ubc9-mediated enhanced sumoylation of C/EBP{alpha}p42 decreases the transactivation capacity on a minimal C/EBP{alpha} promoter. Importantly, overexpression of C/EBP{alpha}p30 in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)–stimulated human CD34+ cells leads to a differentiation block, which was overcome by the siRNA-mediated silencing of Ubc9. In summary, our data indicate that Ubc9 is an important C/EBP{alpha}p30 target through which C/EBP{alpha}p30 enhances the sumoylation of C/EBP{alpha}p42 to inhibit granulocytic differentiation.


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