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Blood, 1 January 2008, Vol. 111, No. 1, pp. 236-242. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 17, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-08-108241. This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: blood-2007-08-108241v1 111/1/236    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Rezvani, K. Articles by Barrett, A. J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Rezvani, K. Articles by Barrett, A. J. Related Collections Immunobiology Neoplasia Immunotherapy Clinical Trials and Observations Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  IMMUNOBIOLOGY Leukemia-associated antigen-specific T-cell responses following combined PR1 and WT1 peptide vaccination in patients with myeloid malignancies Katayoun Rezvani1, Agnes S. M. Yong1, Stephan Mielke1, Bipin N. Savani1, Laura Musse1, Jeanine Superata1, Behnam Jafarpour1, Carol Boss1, and A. John Barrett1 1 Stem Cell Allotransplantation Section, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD We describe the safety and immunogenicity of a combined vaccine of 2 leukemia-associated antigenic peptides, PR1 and WT1. Eight patients with myeloid malignancies received one subcutaneous dose each of PR1 and WT1 vaccines in Montanide adjuvant, with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Patients were reviewed weekly for 4 weeks to monitor toxicity and immunologic responses. Toxicity was limited to grades 1 to 2. Using peptide/HLA-A*0201 tetramers and intracellular interferon- staining, CD8+ T cells against PR1 or WT1 were detected in 8 of 8 patients after a single vaccination. To monitor the kinetics of vaccine-induced CD8+ T-cell responses and disease regression after vaccination, absolute PR1 and WT1+CD8+ T-cell numbers and WT1 expression were studied weekly after vaccination. Responses occurred as early as 1 week after vaccination. After vaccination, the emergence of PR1 or WT1+CD8+ T cells was associated with a decrease in WT1 mRNA expression as a marker of minimal residual disease, suggesting a vaccine-driven antileukemia effect. Conversely, loss of response was associated with reappearance of WT1 transcripts (P < .01). This is the first demonstration that a combined PR1 and WT1 vaccine is immunogenic. These results support further studies of combination immunization strategies in leukemia patients. This study is registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00313638 [ClinicalTrials.gov] . CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: A. Curti, S. Trabanelli, V. Salvestrini, M. Baccarani, and R. M. Lemoli The role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in the induction of immune tolerance: focus on hematology Blood, March 12, 2009; 113(11): 2394 - 2401. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] K. Rezvani, A. S. M. Yong, A. Tawab, B. Jafarpour, R. Eniafe, S. Mielke, B. N. Savani, K. Keyvanfar, Y. Li, R. Kurlander, et al. Ex vivo characterization of polyclonal memory CD8+ T-cell responses to PRAME-specific peptides in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute and chronic myeloid leukemia Blood, March 5, 2009; 113(10): 2245 - 2255. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] E. L.J.M. Smits, Z. N. Berneman, and V. F.I. 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